Varicose vein surgery involves surgically removing or closing off damaged veins to redirect blood flow to healthy ones. Common surgical options include vein stripping for large veins, where a vein is tied off and removed. Other procedures are phlebectomy for smaller veins, removing them through tiny cuts, and minimally invasive methods like endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) or radiofrequency ablation, which use heat to close the vein. The best method depends on the size and severity of the veins and the patient's overall health.